Tuesday, December 9, 2014

The Einstein Pool: Chapter 2


It sounds like something out of a B-grade science fiction novel I once read. I have always considered Stephen Hawking’s argument against time travel to be the most down-to-earth answer ever to come out of the mouth of a cosmologist. He argued that backwards time travel will never be invented because if it ever will be, we’d be seeing time tourists right now. Whenever you saw a gaggle of pasty white legs tucked into holographic Bermuda shorts, you’d know something big was about to happen…

 

Actually, backwards time travel is theoretically permitted in certain mathematical solutions of Einstein’s theory of general relativity, but it’s hard to see how that wouldn’t create paradoxes. What would happen, for example, if you traveled backwards in time and murdered your own mother when she was a small child? After all, if you were never born, how would you travel back in time to kill your mother in the first place?

 

Under one solution to the time paradox problem, the Novikov Self-Consistency Principle, you could never create a time paradox because time travel is a part of history too. In other words, if you tried to shoot your mother you would miss, and if you wouldn’t have missed you wouldn’t have been able to travel backwards in time in the first place. The question of why you missed, since there would be no invisible force deflecting your bullet, could be explained only by resorting to a form of cosmic Darwinism: only self-consistent time loops are fit to survive. Paradoxical time loops, due to the very nature of time loops, are “destroyed” by virtue of never being created to begin with.

 

Certain scientists, mathematicians and philosophers have speculated that the universe would split in two if you tried to do that – one universe in which your mother died and you were never born, and another universe in which she lived. In this scenario, when you returned to your own present with bloody hands, you would find your mother alive and well with no memory of any assault. In the next universe over – the same place and time separated by an invisible wall of causality: you were never born and your mother is long dead.

 

Indeed, my own universe had been split in two all afternoon: Thailand was to my right and Laos was to my left. Since we were right near the center of the river, I wasn’t sure which side of the border we were on. This jurisdictional limbo must have been why the backpackers all seemed to be lighting up their hash pipes at the same moment. Cannabis makes me paranoid, but there was a small bar on board that was “manned” by some Laotian kid who couldn’t be more than eight years old. I pointed at a warm can of Beer Lao and gave him 8,000 Lao Kip, worth about a dollar. He dutifully handed over the beer, then poured an amber liquid out of a metal thermos into a couple of dingy wine glasses. He offered one of them to me with an impish grin and the explanation “Lao-Lao wheeezkii”.

 

I took the glass with gusto and raised it to the canopy. Five seconds and two digital photos later I had learned two important lessons about Laotian whiskey – (i) it tastes like kerosene, and (ii) it packs a wallop. The hippie with the camera was staring at his mobile giggling at the photographs he had just taken. I can only hope he didn’t get the bright idea of forwarding them to the Vatican. It just wouldn’t do for a Catholic priest to be seen chugging whiskey with an eight-year-old Laotian boy.

 

Four hours ahead on the Laotian side of the river, a village of a few hundred fishermen called Pakbeng is carved out of the jungle with machetes. I’ll be spending a few hours there debunking yet another alleged miracle, the so-called Pakbeng Fountain of Youth. Admittedly, miracle debunkery is a rather ironic occupation for a priest, especially since my employer is none other than the Vatican itself. But as a physicist I am certainly qualified, and the Holy See seems to feel that debunking false claims of miracles, especially by non-Catholics, will lend credibility to the rare occasions when real miracles can actually be confirmed. I guess that’s why our investigation team (we called ourselves the DeBunkeroos in private) includes a token atheist, my militant ex-friend Dr. Bogans – his inability to explain away a given phenomenon can only add weight to the case for the miraculous.

 

A quote attributed to science fiction author Arthur C. Clark floated across my tipsy mind, something about how any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. I wondered how the Vatican classified what we found on the Shroud of Turin. With any luck they’ll be able to keep that one a secret indefinitely. Our investigation revealed that the parts of the Shroud that contained original fabric were infested with literally trillions of nanobots: microscopic self-replicating robots, some not much larger than individual molecules. We weren’t sure where the Shroud bots came from, but they were based on technology that was hundreds of years in advance of anything any of us was familiar with.

 

The bots were dormant when we discovered them, sort of like a virus that can go inactive for thousands of years and then come back to life. Bogans brought them back to life using a magnetic field. After an attempt at reverse engineering and some animal testing, we speculated that the bots might have the ability to cure certain diseases by entering the body, replicating themselves by the trillions and repairing any infirmity one cell at a time. We still weren’t really sure of their capabilities due to limits on our ability to reverse engineer – hell, if you could reverse engineer anything I would have obtained the formula for Coca-Cola long ago. Of course the Vatican kept the Shroudbots a secret from the public, fearing the effect that such a revelation would have on the faith.

 

The bots’ ability to self-replicate can make them act like bio-toxins. A runaway replication reaction might result in unpredictable consequences, especially if they are able to evolve into something else, and we don’t yet know whether they have evolutionary capacity. The whole situation reminds me of another book I once read, Lost in a Good Book by Jasper Fforde, in which a runaway nanotechnology reaction at a food processing plant nearly turns the entire planet into nothing but a giant glob of pink custard dessert topping. Crazy as it sounds, something like that is actually theoretically possible.

 

The hippie with the camera told me that northern Laos has mushrooms that will make you see pink elephants if you eat them (the mushrooms, not the elephants). It made me wonder if there were any mushrooms in the whiskey, because I saw an elephant on the Laotian side of the river this morning. It wasn’t pink, but I absolutely could not imagine how it got there. A couple of elderly Laotian fisherman were standing on either side of it on a tiny sandbar jutting out of jungle vegetation so dense that it was hard to believe even a human could squeeze through it, much less a full-grown elephant. Anchored nearby was their home: a slender Thai-style long-tailed boat about 40 feet long, identical to ours except that the side windows were boarded up. Through the rear opening I could see pots and pans hanging from the walls. The mystery only deepened: there was no way an elephant could fit on that boat.

 

Another swig of Lao-Lao down the hatch. I was getting drowsy even as I felt the whiskey eating its way down my upper digestive tract like Drano through a clogged sink pipe. The rhythmic roar of the boat’s primitive lawnmower-style engine was sending me straight to la-la land as I slumped deeper into my wooden seat. My last memory is the ridiculous spectacle of the backpackers trying to play craps with the Laotian boys on the vibrating floor of the boat. One of the roosters kept pecking at the dice…

Saturday, October 11, 2014

The Einstein Pool - Chapter 1: The Crack between the Worlds




Daily Journal

Daniel Bose

Date: September 29, 2035

Location: No-Man’s Land

Dear Dr. Bose:

 

In answer to your inquiry, the manuscript was discovered on July 19, 1994 at an archaeology dig just outside of Giza and forwarded to our institution about a year later. According to nearly a hundred eyewitnesses, on the day of the find a tomb was discovered nearly 200 feet underground. When it was breached a day later, the interior was found to be a near-complete vacuum and the mummified hands of an ancient Egyptian male were found clutching the manuscript as if reading it. Subsequent investigations were able to uncover no previous breach of the tomb: in fact it was filled with a considerable amount of valuable jewelry that surely would have been taken by any previous entrant.

 

The find attracted attention because radiocarbon dating has consistently indicated that the manuscript itself dates from the 16th century B.C.E. even though it is handwritten on modern-style paper. Furthermore, it is written in American English and describes places, events and technologies that no ancient writer could have known about. I originally presumed it to be nothing more than an exceptionally clever forgery with no particular significance other than as a rather disturbing challenge to the accuracy of radiocarbon dating techniques.

 

My presumption was dramatically falsified when the manuscript accurately identified historical events that did not occur until after it was uncovered – in fact its text includes the exact word-for-word contents of this very letter. And whenever I try to revise this letter, the contents of the manuscript change to reflect my revisions. Quite frankly, we are all at a loss to explain this.

 

Although we cannot allow the manuscript to leave our archives, we would be happy to allow you to examine it in person as long as you promise not to contact the press.

 

Sincerely,

 

Mohammad Galal

Egyptian Museum of Cairo, Anti-forgery Division

 

I put my phone back into my pocket, scratched my head and stared at the sky through a hole in the brown canopy that covered the back of the boat. The letter was forwarded to me by my sister after she found it in my father’s personal effects a few days after his funeral. It was written about 25 years ago, and my sister has already confirmed its authenticity with the museum.